Northern European Plain- Sweeps across western and central Europe into Russia.
West Siberian Plain- Worlds largest flatland.
Mountains
Caucasus Mountains- Lies between the Black and Caspian Seas.
Ural Mountains- Marks the traditional boundary between Eurpean Russia and Asian Russia.
Central Siberian Plateau- Has elevations ranging from 1,600 to 2,300 feet.
Water System
Russia has the longest continuous coastline of any country in the world.
Baltic Sea,Black Sea,Caspian Sea- Coasts located in Russia.
Lake Baikal- Lies in southern Siberia, nearly 400 miles long, 40 miles wide.
Climate & Vegetation
Climate
High-Latitude Regions
Tundra- Vast, treeless plain-- dominates the landscape.
Arctic Circle-(661/2N)
Subarctic
Taiga- A boreal forest belt that covers two-fiths of western Russia and extends inton much of Siberia. Midlatitude Regions
Humid Continental
Moscow- 9 Degrees to 14 Degrees F in January.
66 Degrees to 99 Degrees F in July
War and Winter
Russias cold climate played an important role in the defeat of Napoleon 1 in 1812 and of German forces during World War 2.
Steppe
This temperature grassland area has dry summers and long, cold, dry winters with swirling winds and blowing snow. Population and Culture The People
80 % of the population is ethnic Russian
The Slavs, Caucasian, Turkic Peoples
Density and Distrubution
75 % of all Russians live in western Russia, because the rich soil, water ways, and a milder climate than in eastern Russia
Only 25 % of Russia’s population lives in Siberia
Language and Religion
More than 100 languages are spoken in Russia today, but Russian is the official language
Atheism, Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Buddhism are major religions in Russia
Education and Health Care
Today students have a choice of different types of schools, but the countries unstable economy has limited school budgets
Russia is experiencing a demographic declining as the quality and availability of health care has worsened
Family life and Leisure
Most family live in large apartment blocks
The apartments are usually very small
The apartments have a bedroom, living room, kitchen, and bathroom
Economy Changing Economies The soviet command economy
The government owned banks, factories, farms, mines and transportation systems.
Market Economy
In which businesses are privately owned.
Privatization- a change to private ownership—of state-owned companies.
Economic Activitiy
Agriculture- Soviet-era farms were organized into state-controlled kolkozes and sovkhozes.
Industry- Russian industry has been transformed since the early 1990s. Transportation and Communications Transporting goods
Russia’s transportation systems must move resources great distances to reach consumers.
A major highway system links Moscow with other major cities, but many roads are in poor repair.
Mass Communications
During the Soviet era, the state owned and controlled all mass communications systems.
State agencies reviewed all print and broadcast materials to make sure they contained no criticism of the government.
Trade and Interdependence Trade
Russia is a major source of energy and fuels, which account for over 53 percent of its exports.
The European Union, other former Soviet republics.
International Relations
Russia works to maintain its role in wolrd affairs.
It benefits from occupying the former Soviet Union’s seat in the United Nations Security Council.
History and Government Kievan Rus
During the 800’s Scandinavian warrior called the Varangians settles among the Slavs living by the Dnieper and Volga Rivers
The Varangians had adopted the Slav language and many Slav customs within a century
The Rise of Russia
Moscow is a settlement that was Slavs who fled to Mongol and settled along the Moskva River
In 1547 Ivan the Great’s grandson, Ivan the fourth, became Russia’s first crowned czar
Romanov Czars and the Empire
A new capital St. Petersburg was carved out of the wilderness along the Gulf of Finland
The new capital provided(s) access to the Baltic Sea
The Russian Revolution
Non-Russian peoples also face prejudice when the government introduced the policy of Russification
Many Russian workers and thinkers turn to socialism
The Soviet Era
The weak representative governments established in 1917 made it easy for the Bolsheviks to seize control
The Bolsheviks won the civil war in 1992, and established the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, or the Soviet Union
A Superpower
The Soviet Union attained superpower status after World War two
The next four decades saw the Soviet Union and the United Stated engaged in the Cold War, the struggle was between the communists and capitalists
The Fall of the Soviet Union
The union’s weakening economy, along with the great discrepancies between the workers’ wages and the privileges their leaders enjoyed
In 1985 Mikhail Gorbachev assumed power in the Soviet Union
A New Russia
The new Russia began moving from a command economy to a market economy
Putin helped stabilize the economy by instituting reforms in labor, banking, and private property
Global Issues
Russia has about 5 percent of the world's known oil reserves and more than 20 percent of the known natural gas reserves.
A Moral Issue
Forests are often cut down to tap into the oil fields and transport the oil and natural gas.
An Economic Dilemma
Russia's oil fields are located far from Russia's population centers and other countries where the products can be sold.
A Political Problem
The United States, Western Europe, China, and Japan look to Russia to supply their growing energy need.
Karlee Wold
Block 4
Land of Russia
Plains
- Northern European Plain- Sweeps across western and central Europe into Russia.
- West Siberian Plain- Worlds largest flatland.
Mountains- Caucasus Mountains- Lies between the Black and Caspian Seas.
- Ural Mountains- Marks the traditional boundary between Eurpean Russia and Asian Russia.
- Central Siberian Plateau- Has elevations ranging from 1,600 to 2,300 feet.
Water SystemClimate & Vegetation
High-Latitude Regions
- Tundra- Vast, treeless plain-- dominates the landscape.
Arctic Circle-(661/2N)- Subarctic
Taiga- A boreal forest belt that covers two-fiths of western Russia and extends inton much of Siberia.Midlatitude Regions
- Humid Continental
Moscow- 9 Degrees to 14 Degrees F in January.66 Degrees to 99 Degrees F in July
- War and Winter
Russias cold climate played an important role in the defeat of Napoleon 1 in 1812 and of German forces during World War 2.- Steppe
This temperature grassland area has dry summers and long, cold, dry winters with swirling winds and blowing snow.Population and Culture
The People
- 80 % of the population is ethnic Russian
- The Slavs, Caucasian, Turkic Peoples
Density and Distrubution- 75 % of all Russians live in western Russia, because the rich soil, water ways, and a milder climate than in eastern Russia
- Only 25 % of Russia’s population lives in Siberia
Language and Religion- More than 100 languages are spoken in Russia today, but Russian is the official language
- Atheism, Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Buddhism are major religions in Russia
Education and Health Care- Today students have a choice of different types of schools, but the countries unstable economy has limited school budgets
- Russia is experiencing a demographic declining as the quality and availability of health care has worsened
Family life and LeisureEconomy
Changing Economies
The soviet command economy
- The government owned banks, factories, farms, mines and transportation systems.
Market Economy- In which businesses are privately owned.
- Privatization- a change to private ownership—of state-owned companies.
Economic ActivitiyAgriculture- Soviet-era farms were organized into state-controlled kolkozes and sovkhozes.
Industry- Russian industry has been transformed since the early 1990s.
Transportation and Communications
Transporting goods
- Russia’s transportation systems must move resources great distances to reach consumers.
- A major highway system links Moscow with other major cities, but many roads are in poor repair.
- Mass Communications
- During the Soviet era, the state owned and controlled all mass communications systems.
- State agencies reviewed all print and broadcast materials to make sure they contained no criticism of the government.
Trade and InterdependenceTrade
International Relations
- Russia works to maintain its role in wolrd affairs.
- It benefits from occupying the former Soviet Union’s seat in the United Nations Security Council.
History and GovernmentKievan Rus
- During the 800’s Scandinavian warrior called the Varangians settles among the Slavs living by the Dnieper and Volga Rivers
- The Varangians had adopted the Slav language and many Slav customs within a century
The Rise of RussiaRomanov Czars and the Empire
- A new capital St. Petersburg was carved out of the wilderness along the Gulf of Finland
- The new capital provided(s) access to the Baltic Sea
The Russian Revolution- Non-Russian peoples also face prejudice when the government introduced the policy of Russification
- Many Russian workers and thinkers turn to socialism
The Soviet EraA Superpower
- The Soviet Union attained superpower status after World War two
- The next four decades saw the Soviet Union and the United Stated engaged in the Cold War, the struggle was between the communists and capitalists
The Fall of the Soviet Union- The union’s weakening economy, along with the great discrepancies between the workers’ wages and the privileges their leaders enjoyed
- In 1985 Mikhail Gorbachev assumed power in the Soviet Union
A New RussiaGlobal Issues
Russia has about 5 percent of the world's known oil reserves and more than 20 percent of the known natural gas reserves.
- A Moral Issue
Forests are often cut down to tap into the oil fields and transport the oil and natural gas.- An Economic Dilemma
Russia's oil fields are located far from Russia's population centers and other countries where the products can be sold.- A Political Problem
The United States, Western Europe, China, and Japan look to Russia to supply their growing energy need.